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Technical Specifications
Product Overview
Metallurgical Characteristics
H21 tool steel exhibits a complex microstructure consisting of tempered martensite matrix with uniformly distributed tungsten and chromium carbides. The high tungsten content provides exceptional hot hardness and thermal shock resistance, while chromium carbides enhance wear resistance and dimensional stability at elevated temperatures. The fine carbide distribution achieved through MetalZenith's controlled processing ensures optimal tool performance.
Heat Treatment Process
MetalZenith employs controlled austenitizing at 1150-1180°C followed by oil or air quenching and multiple tempering cycles at 550-650°C. This precise heat treatment protocol optimizes the balance between hardness, toughness, and thermal fatigue resistance. Stress relieving at 650-700°C is recommended for complex tool geometries to minimize distortion.
Advanced Manufacturing Process
MetalZenith utilizes vacuum induction melting followed by electroslag remelting to achieve superior cleanliness and homogeneity. Controlled forging operations with precise temperature monitoring ensure optimal grain flow and carbide distribution. Our advanced quality control includes ultrasonic testing and microstructural analysis to guarantee tool steel integrity.
Specialized Quality Testing
MetalZenith conducts comprehensive testing including Rockwell hardness distribution mapping, residual austenite content analysis using X-ray diffraction, carbide distribution evaluation through metallographic analysis, and thermal fatigue strength testing. These specialized tests ensure consistent performance in demanding hot work applications and extended tool life.
Application-Specific Technical Considerations
For cutting tools, H21 provides excellent hot hardness retention and thermal shock resistance. In die and mold manufacturing, the superior dimensional stability and thermal fatigue resistance ensure extended service life. For precision machinery components, the uniform microstructure and controlled thermal expansion provide reliable performance. In automotive applications, H21's combination of wear resistance and toughness makes it ideal for hot forming dies and stamping tools operating at elevated temperatures.
🧪 Chemical Composition
| Element | Composition (%) |
|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | 0.28 - 0.35 |
| Chromium (Cr) | 3.00 - 3.75 |
| Tungsten (W) | 9.00 - 9.75 |
| Vanadium (V) | 0.40 - 0.60 |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.15 - 0.40 |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.15 - 0.40 |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤ 0.030 |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤ 0.030 |
⚙️ Mechanical Properties
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Hardness (HRC) | 48 - 52 |
| Compressive Strength (MPa) | 2800 - 3200 |
| Impact Toughness (J) | 15 - 25 |
| Wear Resistance Index | 8.5 - 9.2 |
| Hardenability (mm) | 75 - 100 |
| Thermal Fatigue Resistance | Excellent |
🔬 Physical Properties
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Density (g/cm3) | 8.15 |
| Melting Point (°C) | 1480 - 1520 |
| Thermal Conductivity (W/m·K) | 24.5 |
| Thermal Expansion (×10??/K) | 11.8 |
| Elastic Modulus (GPa) | 215 |
| Specific Heat (J/kg·K) | 460 |
📏 Product Specifications
| Specification | Details |
|---|---|
| Available Forms | Bars, Blocks, Plates, Forgings, Custom Shapes |
| Diameter Range | 10 - 500mm |
| Thickness Range | 5 - 300mm |
| Length Range | 100 - 6000mm |
| Standards Compliance | ASTM A681, DIN 1.2581, JIS SKD61 |
| Heat Treatment Condition | Annealed, Hardened & Tempered |
| Surface Finish | Hot Rolled, Machined, Ground |
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Our Advantages in Processing H21 Tool Steel
Advanced Vacuum Melting Technology
MetalZenith utilizes advanced vacuum induction melting followed by electroslag remelting (ESR) to achieve exceptional cleanliness and homogeneity in H21 tool steel. Our controlled forging and heat treatment processes ensure optimal carbide distribution and grain structure for maximum thermal fatigue resistance and tool life.
Comprehensive Tool Steel Testing
MetalZenith conducts specialized testing protocols including Rockwell hardness mapping across tool sections, residual austenite content analysis, carbide distribution evaluation, and thermal fatigue strength testing. Our quality assurance ensures consistent performance in demanding hot work applications.
Custom Heat Treatment Services
MetalZenith offers specialized heat treatment services tailored to specific tooling applications, including custom tempering cycles, stress relieving, and surface hardening treatments. Our metallurgical expertise ensures optimal tool performance with comprehensive technical support throughout the tool manufacturing process.
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