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Technical Specifications
Product Overview
Metallurgical Characteristics
St12 tool steel features a martensitic microstructure with uniformly distributed chromium carbides that provide exceptional wear resistance and dimensional stability. The high carbon content combined with chromium and molybdenum additions creates a fine carbide network that maintains cutting edge retention and resistance to adhesive wear in demanding applications.
Heat Treatment Process
MetalZenith employs controlled atmosphere hardening at 1020-1050°C followed by precise tempering cycles at 150-200°C to achieve optimal hardness-toughness balance. Our cryogenic treatment protocols further enhance carbide precipitation and dimensional stability, critical for precision tooling applications.
Advanced Manufacturing Process
Our St12 production utilizes vacuum induction melting followed by electroslag remelting to ensure superior cleanliness and carbide distribution. Controlled forging ratios and directional working optimize grain flow and eliminate segregation, resulting in consistent mechanical properties throughout the cross-section.
Specialized Quality Testing
MetalZenith conducts comprehensive Rockwell hardness mapping across tool sections, retained austenite analysis using X-ray diffraction, carbide distribution evaluation through metallographic analysis, and rotating beam fatigue testing to ensure consistent performance in cyclic loading applications typical of cutting and forming operations.
Application Engineering Considerations
For cutting tool applications, St12 provides excellent edge retention and thermal stability. In die and mold manufacturing, its dimensional stability and polishability ensure superior surface finish. For bearing applications, the uniform carbide structure provides consistent wear characteristics. In automotive components, the combination of hardness and toughness delivers reliable performance under high-stress conditions.
🧪 Chemical Composition
| Element | Composition (%) |
|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | 1.45 - 1.60 |
| Chromium (Cr) | 11.0 - 13.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | 0.70 - 1.20 |
| Vanadium (V) | 0.15 - 0.30 |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.15 - 0.40 |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.15 - 0.45 |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤ 0.030 |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤ 0.030 |
⚙️ Mechanical Properties
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Hardness (HRC) | 58 - 62 |
| Compressive Strength (MPa) | ≥ 2800 |
| Impact Toughness (J) | 15 - 25 |
| Wear Resistance Index | 8.5 - 9.2 |
| Hardenability (mm) | ≥ 100 |
| Fatigue Strength (MPa) | ≥ 1200 |
🔬 Physical Properties
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Density (g/cm3) | 7.70 |
| Melting Point (°C) | 1420 - 1460 |
| Thermal Conductivity (W/m·K) | 24.2 |
| Thermal Expansion (×10??/K) | 10.4 |
| Elastic Modulus (GPa) | 210 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.27 - 0.30 |
📏 Product Specifications
| Specification | Details |
|---|---|
| Available Forms | Bars, Plates, Blocks, Precision Ground Stock |
| Diameter Range | 10 - 300mm |
| Thickness Range | 5 - 200mm |
| Length Range | 500 - 6000mm |
| Standards Compliance | ASTM A681, DIN 1.2080, JIS SKD11 |
| Heat Treatment Condition | Annealed, Hardened & Tempered |
| Surface Finish | Hot Rolled, Cold Drawn, Precision Ground |
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Our Advantages in Processing St12 Tool Steel
Advanced Vacuum Melting Technology
MetalZenith utilizes advanced vacuum induction melting and electroslag remelting processes to achieve superior cleanliness and homogeneous carbide distribution in St12 tool steel. Our controlled forging and precise heat treatment cycles ensure optimal grain structure and enhanced tool life performance.
Comprehensive Tool Steel Testing
Our specialized testing protocols include Rockwell hardness mapping across sections, retained austenite content analysis, carbide distribution evaluation, and comprehensive fatigue strength testing. These advanced quality measures ensure consistent performance in demanding tool applications.
Custom Heat Treatment Solutions
MetalZenith provides tailored heat treatment services including precision hardening, tempering, and cryogenic processing. Our technical team offers application-specific processing recommendations and complete metallurgical support for optimal tool performance.
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