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Technical Specifications
Product Overview
Metallurgical Characteristics
AISI 321H is an austenitic stainless steel with a face-centered cubic crystal structure stabilized by titanium additions. The higher carbon content (0.04-0.10%) compared to standard 321 grade enhances creep strength and high-temperature mechanical properties. Titanium forms stable carbides (TiC) that prevent chromium carbide precipitation, maintaining corrosion resistance at elevated temperatures.
Heat Treatment Process
Solution annealing is performed at 1040-1120°C followed by rapid cooling to achieve optimal microstructure. A stabilization treatment at 870-900°C for 2-4 hours may be applied to promote titanium carbide formation and enhance high-temperature stability. MetalZenith's controlled atmosphere furnaces ensure precise temperature control and prevent surface oxidation during heat treatment.
Manufacturing Process
MetalZenith employs electric arc furnace (EAF) melting followed by argon oxygen decarburization (AOD) for precise composition control. Vacuum induction melting (VIM) and electroslag remelting (ESR) processes are utilized for critical applications requiring ultra-high purity. Hot working is performed between 1150-950°C, while cold working can achieve significant strength increases through work hardening.
Quality Standards & Testing
All AISI 321H products undergo comprehensive testing including chemical analysis by optical emission spectroscopy, mechanical testing per ASTM standards, ultrasonic testing for internal soundness, and microstructural examination. Creep testing at elevated temperatures validates long-term performance characteristics. MetalZenith maintains full traceability from raw materials through final inspection, ensuring compliance with aerospace, nuclear, and petrochemical industry requirements.
🧪 Chemical Composition
| Element | Composition (%) |
|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | 0.04 - 0.10 |
| Manganese (Mn) | ≤ 2.00 |
| Silicon (Si) | ≤ 0.75 |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤ 0.045 |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤ 0.030 |
| Chromium (Cr) | 17.0 - 20.0 |
| Nickel (Ni) | 9.0 - 13.0 |
| Titanium (Ti) | 4×(C+N) min, 0.70 max |
| Nitrogen (N) | ≤ 0.10 |
| Iron (Fe) | Balance |
⚙️ Mechanical Properties
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Tensile Strength (Room Temperature) | ≥ 515 MPa |
| Yield Strength (0.2% Offset) | ≥ 205 MPa |
| Elongation (50mm gauge) | ≥ 40% |
| Reduction of Area | ≥ 50% |
| Hardness (Brinell) | ≤ 217 HB |
| Impact Energy (Charpy V-notch, Room Temp) | ≥ 68 J |
| Young's Modulus | 200 GPa |
| Creep Strength (100,000h at 650°C) | 35 MPa |
| Fatigue Limit (107 cycles) | 240 MPa |
🔬 Physical Properties
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Density | 7.90 g/cm³ |
| Melting Point | 1400-1450°C |
| Thermal Conductivity (20°C) | 16.3 W/m·K |
| Thermal Conductivity (100°C) | 17.8 W/m·K |
| Thermal Expansion (20-100°C) | 17.2×10-6/K |
| Thermal Expansion (20-500°C) | 18.4×10-6/K |
| Specific Heat Capacity | 500 J/kg·K |
| Electrical Resistivity (20°C) | 0.72 µΩ·m |
| Magnetic Permeability | 1.02 µr (Non-magnetic) |
| Curie Temperature | Non-magnetic |
📏 Product Specifications
| Specification | Available Options |
|---|---|
| Product Forms | Bars, Rods, Plates, Sheets, Tubes, Pipes, Forgings, Castings |
| Bar Diameter Range | 6mm - 300mm |
| Plate Thickness Range | 3mm - 150mm |
| Sheet Thickness Range | 0.5mm - 6mm |
| Tube Outer Diameter | 6mm - 219mm |
| Standards Compliance | ASTM A240, A479, A312, EN 10088-2, JIS G4304, GB/T 1220 |
| Surface Finishes | Hot Rolled, Cold Rolled, 2B, BA, No.4, HL, Mirror |
| Dimensional Tolerance | ±0.1mm to ±0.5mm (depending on form and size) |
| Length Options | Standard lengths or cut to customer specifications |
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Our Advantages in Processing AISI 321H
Advanced Titanium Stabilization Technology
MetalZenith employs proprietary controlled atmosphere melting and precise titanium addition techniques to achieve optimal Ti/C ratios, ensuring superior carbide precipitation control and enhanced high-temperature stability in AISI 321H production.
Comprehensive High-Temperature Testing
Our specialized testing laboratory features advanced creep testing equipment and high-temperature mechanical testing capabilities up to 1000°C, ensuring every batch of AISI 321H meets stringent performance requirements for critical applications.
Custom Heat Treatment & Processing
MetalZenith offers tailored solution annealing, stabilization treatments, and custom forming services to optimize AISI 321H properties for specific applications, backed by our global supply chain and technical support network.
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