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Technical Specifications
Product Overview
Metallurgical Characteristics
AISI D2 is a high-carbon, high-chromium cold work tool steel with excellent wear resistance due to its high volume fraction of chromium carbides. The steel exhibits air-hardening characteristics, allowing for through-hardening in thick sections without the need for severe quenching media. The microstructure consists of a martensitic matrix with uniformly distributed chromium carbides (M7C3 and M23C6 types) that provide exceptional abrasion resistance.
Heat Treatment Process
MetalZenith's controlled heat treatment process includes annealing at 870-900°C, followed by slow cooling to achieve maximum machinability. Hardening is performed at 1010-1030°C in protective atmosphere, followed by air cooling or oil quenching for smaller sections. Tempering is conducted at 150-540°C depending on the required hardness level, typically achieving 58-62 HRC for optimal performance.
Manufacturing Process
Our manufacturing process begins with vacuum induction melting (VIM) to ensure chemical homogeneity and cleanliness. The steel undergoes electroslag remelting (ESR) for further purification and improved soundness. Hot forging is performed within the temperature range of 1150-850°C, followed by controlled cooling. All products receive comprehensive testing including ultrasonic examination, chemical analysis, and mechanical property verification.
Quality Standards & Certifications
MetalZenith maintains strict quality control in accordance with ISO 9001:2015, ASTM A681, and EN ISO 4957 standards. Our quality assurance program includes incoming material inspection, in-process monitoring, and final product testing. All shipments include material test certificates with complete chemical analysis, mechanical properties, and dimensional verification. Non-destructive testing capabilities include ultrasonic, magnetic particle, and dye penetrant inspection methods.
🧪 Chemical Composition
| Element | Composition (%) |
|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | 1.40 - 1.60 |
| Chromium (Cr) | 11.00 - 13.00 |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | 0.70 - 1.20 |
| Vanadium (V) | 1.10 max |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.60 max |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.60 max |
| Phosphorus (P) | 0.030 max |
| Sulfur (S) | 0.030 max |
| Nickel (Ni) | 0.30 max |
| Copper (Cu) | 0.25 max |
⚙️ Mechanical Properties
| Property | Value | Condition |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength | 685 MPa | Annealed |
| Yield Strength | 450 MPa | Annealed |
| Elongation | 8% | Annealed |
| Reduction of Area | 15% | Annealed |
| Hardness (Annealed) | 217 HB max | Annealed |
| Hardness (Hardened) | 58-62 HRC | Hardened & Tempered |
| Impact Energy (Charpy V) | 15-25 J | Hardened & Tempered |
| Elastic Modulus | 210 GPa | Room Temperature |
| Fatigue Limit | 350 MPa | 107 cycles |
🔬 Physical Properties
| Property | Value | Temperature |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 7.70 g/cm³ | 20°C |
| Melting Point | 1421°C | - |
| Thermal Conductivity | 20.0 W/m·K | 20°C |
| Thermal Conductivity | 25.1 W/m·K | 200°C |
| Thermal Expansion Coefficient | 10.4×10-6/K | 20-100°C |
| Thermal Expansion Coefficient | 11.9×10-6/K | 20-400°C |
| Specific Heat Capacity | 460 J/kg·K | 20°C |
| Electrical Resistivity | 0.55 µΩ·m | 20°C |
| Magnetic Permeability | Ferromagnetic | Room Temperature |
📏 Product Specifications
| Specification | Available Options |
|---|---|
| Product Forms | Round bars, flat bars, plates, sheets, blocks, forged pieces |
| Round Bar Diameter | 6mm - 500mm |
| Flat Bar Dimensions | Thickness: 3-100mm, Width: 10-300mm |
| Plate Thickness | 6mm - 200mm |
| Sheet Thickness | 0.5mm - 6mm |
| Length | Up to 6000mm (custom lengths available) |
| Standards | ASTM A681, EN ISO 4957, JIS SKD11, GB Cr12Mo1V1 |
| Surface Finish | Hot rolled, cold drawn, ground, polished |
| Dimensional Tolerance | h9 to h11 (cold drawn), ±0.5mm (hot rolled) |
| Condition | Annealed, normalized, hardened & tempered |
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Our Advantages in Processing AISI D2
Advanced Vacuum Melting Technology
MetalZenith utilizes vacuum induction melting (VIM) and electroslag remelting (ESR) processes to achieve exceptional steel cleanliness with minimal inclusions. Our controlled atmosphere melting ensures uniform carbide distribution and superior material homogeneity throughout the entire cross-section.
Precision Heat Treatment Control
Our computer-controlled heat treatment facilities feature precise temperature monitoring and atmosphere control systems. This ensures optimal hardness uniformity, dimensional stability, and consistent mechanical properties with hardness variations within ±1 HRC across the entire workpiece.
Comprehensive Customization Services
MetalZenith offers complete customization including precision machining, heat treatment to customer specifications, and surface finishing services. Our global supply chain network ensures reliable delivery with full material certification and technical support for application-specific requirements.
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