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Technical Specifications
Product Overview
Metallurgical Characteristics
W2 tool steel exhibits a fine pearlitic microstructure in the annealed condition, transforming to martensite with retained carbides upon hardening. The high carbon content (0.85-1.50%) provides exceptional hardness potential, while controlled vanadium additions refine grain structure and improve wear resistance. The steel demonstrates excellent hardenability in thin sections with water quenching.
Heat Treatment Process
MetalZenith recommends controlled atmosphere hardening at 760-790°C followed by water quenching to achieve optimal hardness. Tempering at 150-200°C maintains high hardness while reducing brittleness. Our specialized heat treatment facilities ensure uniform heating and controlled cooling rates for consistent tool performance.
Advanced Manufacturing Process
MetalZenith employs electric arc furnace melting with ladle refining and vacuum degassing to minimize inclusions and achieve precise carbon control. Hot forging operations are conducted within controlled temperature ranges to optimize grain flow and eliminate internal defects. Final annealing produces uniform spheroidized carbide structure for excellent machinability.
Specialized Quality Testing
Our comprehensive testing protocol includes Rockwell hardness distribution mapping across tool cross-sections, carbide size and distribution analysis using quantitative metallography, decarburization depth measurement, and hardenability testing. Fatigue strength evaluation ensures tool longevity under cyclic loading conditions typical in cutting and forming operations.
Application-Specific Technical Considerations
For cutting tool applications, W2's high hardness and wear resistance provide excellent edge retention. In die and punch applications, the steel's compressive strength and dimensional stability ensure precise forming operations. For precision instruments, the fine grain structure and uniform hardness distribution guarantee measurement accuracy. Automotive component applications benefit from the steel's fatigue resistance and consistent mechanical properties.
🧪 Chemical Composition
| Element | Composition (%) |
|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | 0.85 - 1.50 |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.10 - 0.40 |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.10 - 0.30 |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤ 0.030 |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤ 0.030 |
| Chromium (Cr) | ≤ 0.25 |
| Nickel (Ni) | ≤ 0.20 |
| Vanadium (V) | 0.15 - 0.30 |
⚙️ Mechanical Properties
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Hardness (HRC) - Hardened | 60 - 66 |
| Hardness (HB) - Annealed | 187 - 229 |
| Compressive Strength (MPa) | 2400 - 2800 |
| Impact Toughness (J) | 8 - 15 |
| Wear Resistance Index | Excellent (8.5/10) |
| Hardenability (mm) | 6 - 12 |
🔬 Physical Properties
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Density (g/cm3) | 7.84 |
| Melting Point (°C) | 1460 - 1500 |
| Thermal Conductivity (W/m·K) | 42.7 |
| Thermal Expansion (×10??/K) | 11.9 |
| Elastic Modulus (GPa) | 210 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.27 - 0.30 |
📏 Product Specifications
| Specification | Details |
|---|---|
| Available Forms | Rounds, Flats, Squares, Tool Blanks, Precision Ground |
| Diameter Range | 3 - 300mm |
| Thickness Range | 1 - 100mm |
| Length Range | 100 - 6000mm |
| Standards Compliance | ASTM A686, DIN 1.1645, JIS SK85 |
| Surface Condition | Annealed, Spheroidized, Precision Ground |
| Tolerance Grade | h9, h11 (Precision Ground: h6) |
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Our Advantages in Processing W2 Tool Steel
Precision Electric Arc Furnace Technology
MetalZenith utilizes advanced electric arc furnace melting with precise carbon control and vacuum degassing to achieve optimal chemical composition and cleanliness. Our controlled forging and annealing processes ensure uniform grain structure and carbide distribution throughout the material cross-section.
Comprehensive Tool Steel Testing
MetalZenith conducts specialized testing including Rockwell hardness distribution mapping, carbide size and distribution analysis, decarburization depth measurement, and hardenability testing. Our quality control ensures consistent tool performance and extended service life in demanding applications.
Custom Heat Treatment Services
MetalZenith offers specialized heat treatment services including controlled atmosphere hardening, precision tempering, and stress relieving. Our metallurgical experts provide technical support for optimal tool design and performance optimization in specific applications.
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