Heat Treatment & Processing Terms

Stress Relieve Temper: Enhancing Steel Stabilit...

Definition and Basic Concept Stress Relieve Temper is a controlled heat treatment process applied to steel and other metal alloys to reduce or eliminate internal residual stresses without significantly altering...

Stress Relieve Temper: Enhancing Steel Stabilit...

Definition and Basic Concept Stress Relieve Temper is a controlled heat treatment process applied to steel and other metal alloys to reduce or eliminate internal residual stresses without significantly altering...

Stress Relief in Steel: Eliminating Residual St...

Definition and Basic Concept Stress relief is a heat treatment process applied to metals and alloys to reduce or eliminate internal residual stresses that accumulate during manufacturing processes such as...

Stress Relief in Steel: Eliminating Residual St...

Definition and Basic Concept Stress relief is a heat treatment process applied to metals and alloys to reduce or eliminate internal residual stresses that accumulate during manufacturing processes such as...

Strain Aging in Steel: Mechanisms, Effects & In...

Definition and Basic Concept Strain aging refers to a metallurgical phenomenon where the mechanical properties of a metal, particularly steel, change over time after plastic deformation. This process manifests as...

Strain Aging in Steel: Mechanisms, Effects & In...

Definition and Basic Concept Strain aging refers to a metallurgical phenomenon where the mechanical properties of a metal, particularly steel, change over time after plastic deformation. This process manifests as...

Stamping: Metal Forming Process Critical for St...

Definition and Basic Concept Stamping is a metal forming process that transforms flat sheet metal into specific shapes through the application of pressure using a die and press. This manufacturing...

Stamping: Metal Forming Process Critical for St...

Definition and Basic Concept Stamping is a metal forming process that transforms flat sheet metal into specific shapes through the application of pressure using a die and press. This manufacturing...

Stabilizing Treatment: Dimensional Stability Pr...

Definition and Basic Concept Stabilizing treatment is a specialized heat treatment process applied to austenitic stainless steels to prevent intergranular corrosion by precipitating and stabilizing carbon in the form of...

Stabilizing Treatment: Dimensional Stability Pr...

Definition and Basic Concept Stabilizing treatment is a specialized heat treatment process applied to austenitic stainless steels to prevent intergranular corrosion by precipitating and stabilizing carbon in the form of...

Stabilizing Anneal: Key Process for Dimensional...

Definition and Basic Concept Stabilizing anneal is a specialized heat treatment process applied to austenitic stainless steels to precipitate carbides at grain boundaries, thereby reducing the risk of intergranular corrosion...

Stabilizing Anneal: Key Process for Dimensional...

Definition and Basic Concept Stabilizing anneal is a specialized heat treatment process applied to austenitic stainless steels to precipitate carbides at grain boundaries, thereby reducing the risk of intergranular corrosion...

Spinning: Metal Forming Process for Hollow Cyli...

Definition and Basic Concept Spinning in the steel industry refers to a metal forming process where a rotating metal disc or tube is gradually shaped over a mandrel or form...

Spinning: Metal Forming Process for Hollow Cyli...

Definition and Basic Concept Spinning in the steel industry refers to a metal forming process where a rotating metal disc or tube is gradually shaped over a mandrel or form...

Spheroidizing: Enhancing Steel Machinability Th...

Definition and Basic Concept Spheroidizing is a heat treatment process applied to steel that transforms carbide structures, particularly cementite (Fe₃C), from lamellar or plate-like morphologies into spherical particles within a...

Spheroidizing: Enhancing Steel Machinability Th...

Definition and Basic Concept Spheroidizing is a heat treatment process applied to steel that transforms carbide structures, particularly cementite (Fe₃C), from lamellar or plate-like morphologies into spherical particles within a...

Spheroidize Anneal: Enhancing Machinability in ...

Definition and Basic Concept Spheroidize anneal is a heat treatment process applied to steel in which carbide phases, primarily cementite (Fe₃C), are transformed from lamellar or plate-like structures into spheroidal...

Spheroidize Anneal: Enhancing Machinability in ...

Definition and Basic Concept Spheroidize anneal is a heat treatment process applied to steel in which carbide phases, primarily cementite (Fe₃C), are transformed from lamellar or plate-like structures into spheroidal...

Solution Heat Treatment: Key Process for Alloy ...

Definition and Basic Concept Solution Heat Treatment (SHT) is a thermal process applied to metals and alloys to dissolve precipitates into a single-phase solid solution, followed by rapid cooling to...

Solution Heat Treatment: Key Process for Alloy ...

Definition and Basic Concept Solution Heat Treatment (SHT) is a thermal process applied to metals and alloys to dissolve precipitates into a single-phase solid solution, followed by rapid cooling to...

Soaking: Critical Heat Treatment Process for Un...

Definition and Basic Concept Soaking is a critical heat treatment process in steel manufacturing where metal is held at a specific elevated temperature for a predetermined period to ensure uniform...

Soaking: Critical Heat Treatment Process for Un...

Definition and Basic Concept Soaking is a critical heat treatment process in steel manufacturing where metal is held at a specific elevated temperature for a predetermined period to ensure uniform...

Slitting: Precision Steel Coil Cutting Process ...

Definition and Basic Concept Slitting is a precision metal processing technique that involves cutting continuous coils of sheet metal into narrower strips of specified width. This longitudinal shearing operation transforms...

Slitting: Precision Steel Coil Cutting Process ...

Definition and Basic Concept Slitting is a precision metal processing technique that involves cutting continuous coils of sheet metal into narrower strips of specified width. This longitudinal shearing operation transforms...

Skin Milling: Surface Preparation Technique for...

Definition and Basic Concept Skin milling is a precision machining process used in the steel industry to remove the surface layer (skin) of steel products, particularly slabs, billets, blooms, or...

Skin Milling: Surface Preparation Technique for...

Definition and Basic Concept Skin milling is a precision machining process used in the steel industry to remove the surface layer (skin) of steel products, particularly slabs, billets, blooms, or...

Single-Action Press: Fundamental Forming Techno...

Definition and Basic Concept A single-action press is a metal forming machine that applies force in one primary direction through a single slide or ram to shape metal workpieces. It...

Single-Action Press: Fundamental Forming Techno...

Definition and Basic Concept A single-action press is a metal forming machine that applies force in one primary direction through a single slide or ram to shape metal workpieces. It...

Shearing: Precision Cutting Technology in Steel...

Definition and Basic Concept Shearing is a manufacturing process that cuts stock material by applying a shear stress beyond the material's ultimate shear strength, resulting in material separation. It represents...

Shearing: Precision Cutting Technology in Steel...

Definition and Basic Concept Shearing is a manufacturing process that cuts stock material by applying a shear stress beyond the material's ultimate shear strength, resulting in material separation. It represents...

Shear: Critical Force Mechanism in Steel Proces...

Definition and Basic Concept Shear in the steel industry refers to the deformation that occurs when a material experiences forces applied parallel to a surface or cross-section, causing layers of...

Shear: Critical Force Mechanism in Steel Proces...

Definition and Basic Concept Shear in the steel industry refers to the deformation that occurs when a material experiences forces applied parallel to a surface or cross-section, causing layers of...

Shape Correcting: Precision Techniques for Stee...

Definition and Basic Concept Shape correcting refers to the process of adjusting or rectifying deviations in the geometric form of steel products to meet specified dimensional tolerances and shape requirements....

Shape Correcting: Precision Techniques for Stee...

Definition and Basic Concept Shape correcting refers to the process of adjusting or rectifying deviations in the geometric form of steel products to meet specified dimensional tolerances and shape requirements....

Secondary Hardening: Key Mechanism for High-Per...

Definition and Basic Concept Secondary hardening is a metallurgical phenomenon in which certain alloy steels experience a second increase in hardness during tempering at elevated temperatures (typically 500-600°C), after the...

Secondary Hardening: Key Mechanism for High-Per...

Definition and Basic Concept Secondary hardening is a metallurgical phenomenon in which certain alloy steels experience a second increase in hardness during tempering at elevated temperatures (typically 500-600°C), after the...

Scarfing: Surface Defect Removal Process Critic...

Definition and Basic Concept Scarfing is a surface conditioning process used in the steel industry to remove surface defects and irregularities from semi-finished steel products such as slabs, billets, and...

Scarfing: Surface Defect Removal Process Critic...

Definition and Basic Concept Scarfing is a surface conditioning process used in the steel industry to remove surface defects and irregularities from semi-finished steel products such as slabs, billets, and...

Scalping: Surface Defect Removal Process in Ste...

Definition and Basic Concept Scalping is a surface conditioning process in the steel industry where a thin layer of material is mechanically removed from the surface of metal products to...

Scalping: Surface Defect Removal Process in Ste...

Definition and Basic Concept Scalping is a surface conditioning process in the steel industry where a thin layer of material is mechanically removed from the surface of metal products to...

Sawing in Steel Production: Precision Cutting M...

Definition and Basic Concept Sawing is a material removal process that uses a multi-tooth cutting tool (saw blade) to separate materials through a series of small, discrete cuts that form...

Sawing in Steel Production: Precision Cutting M...

Definition and Basic Concept Sawing is a material removal process that uses a multi-tooth cutting tool (saw blade) to separate materials through a series of small, discrete cuts that form...

Routing: Process Flow Planning & Optimization i...

Definition and Basic Concept Routing in the steel industry refers to the systematic planning and documentation of the sequence of operations, equipment, and paths that materials follow through a manufacturing...

Routing: Process Flow Planning & Optimization i...

Definition and Basic Concept Routing in the steel industry refers to the systematic planning and documentation of the sequence of operations, equipment, and paths that materials follow through a manufacturing...

Roughing: Primary Hot Rolling Process in Steel ...

Definition and Basic Concept Roughing is a primary metal deformation process in steel production where hot metal is progressively reduced in cross-section through a series of rolling passes to achieve...

Roughing: Primary Hot Rolling Process in Steel ...

Definition and Basic Concept Roughing is a primary metal deformation process in steel production where hot metal is progressively reduced in cross-section through a series of rolling passes to achieve...

Rough Machining: Primary Metal Removal Process ...

Definition and Basic Concept Rough machining refers to the initial material removal process in metal manufacturing where excess material is rapidly removed from a workpiece to approach the desired dimensions,...

Rough Machining: Primary Metal Removal Process ...

Definition and Basic Concept Rough machining refers to the initial material removal process in metal manufacturing where excess material is rapidly removed from a workpiece to approach the desired dimensions,...

Rolling: The Fundamental Metal Forming Process ...

Definition and Basic Concept Rolling is a metal forming process in which metal stock is passed through one or more pairs of rolls to reduce the thickness, to make the...

Rolling: The Fundamental Metal Forming Process ...

Definition and Basic Concept Rolling is a metal forming process in which metal stock is passed through one or more pairs of rolls to reduce the thickness, to make the...

Roller Leveling: Precision Flatness Technology ...

Definition and Basic Concept Roller leveling is a metal processing technique that removes unwanted deformations and internal stresses in sheet metal by passing the material through a series of precisely...

Roller Leveling: Precision Flatness Technology ...

Definition and Basic Concept Roller leveling is a metal processing technique that removes unwanted deformations and internal stresses in sheet metal by passing the material through a series of precisely...

Roll Forming: Continuous Metal Shaping Process ...

Definition and Basic Concept Roll forming is a continuous metal forming process that progressively bends a long strip of sheet metal through a series of contoured rollers to achieve a...

Roll Forming: Continuous Metal Shaping Process ...

Definition and Basic Concept Roll forming is a continuous metal forming process that progressively bends a long strip of sheet metal through a series of contoured rollers to achieve a...

Resquaring: Essential Process for Dimensional A...

Definition and Basic Concept Resquaring is a precision finishing operation performed on steel products to establish or restore perpendicular edges and accurate dimensional tolerances. It involves the removal of material...

Resquaring: Essential Process for Dimensional A...

Definition and Basic Concept Resquaring is a precision finishing operation performed on steel products to establish or restore perpendicular edges and accurate dimensional tolerances. It involves the removal of material...

Recrystallization Temperature: Key to Steel Mic...

Definition and Basic Concept Recrystallization temperature is the minimum temperature at which deformed grains in a cold-worked metal are replaced by a new set of strain-free, equiaxed grains within a...

Recrystallization Temperature: Key to Steel Mic...

Definition and Basic Concept Recrystallization temperature is the minimum temperature at which deformed grains in a cold-worked metal are replaced by a new set of strain-free, equiaxed grains within a...

Recrystallization Annealing: Restoring Ductilit...

Definition and Basic Concept Recrystallization annealing is a heat treatment process applied to cold-worked metals to restore their ductility and formability by replacing deformed grains with new, strain-free grains. This...

Recrystallization Annealing: Restoring Ductilit...

Definition and Basic Concept Recrystallization annealing is a heat treatment process applied to cold-worked metals to restore their ductility and formability by replacing deformed grains with new, strain-free grains. This...