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Technical Specifications
Product Overview
Metallurgical Characteristics
S1 tool steel exhibits a martensitic microstructure after hardening, with fine carbide particles distributed throughout the matrix. The controlled carbon content and chromium-tungsten alloying provide excellent wear resistance while maintaining good toughness. The fine grain structure achieved through MetalZenith's controlled forging process ensures uniform hardness distribution and minimizes the risk of cracking during heat treatment.
Heat Treatment Process
MetalZenith employs precise heat treatment protocols including preheating to 650-700°C, austenitizing at 850-900°C, followed by water quenching and tempering at 150-200°C to achieve optimal hardness levels of 60-64 HRC. Our controlled atmosphere furnaces ensure minimal decarburization and oxidation, maintaining surface integrity critical for cutting tool applications.
Advanced Manufacturing Process
Our manufacturing process begins with vacuum induction melting to ensure chemical homogeneity, followed by controlled forging with precise temperature monitoring. The material undergoes stress relief annealing and comprehensive inspection including ultrasonic testing and hardness verification to guarantee consistent quality throughout each batch.
Specialized Quality Testing
MetalZenith conducts extensive quality testing specific to tool steel applications, including Rockwell hardness distribution mapping across cross-sections, X-ray diffraction analysis for residual austenite content (typically <5%), metallographic examination of carbide distribution uniformity, and rotating beam fatigue testing to determine endurance limits under cyclic loading conditions.
Application-Specific Technical Considerations
For cutting tool applications, S1's high carbon content provides excellent edge retention and wear resistance. In die and punch applications, the balanced toughness prevents chipping under impact loads. For precision instruments, the dimensional stability after heat treatment ensures accurate measurements. In automotive components, the combination of hardness and fatigue resistance provides reliable performance under cyclic loading conditions.
🧪 Chemical Composition
| Element | Composition (%) |
|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | 0.60 - 0.75 |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.10 - 0.40 |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.20 - 0.35 |
| Chromium (Cr) | 1.00 - 1.40 |
| Tungsten (W) | 1.50 - 3.00 |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤ 0.030 |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤ 0.030 |
⚙️ Mechanical Properties
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Hardness (HRC) | 60 - 64 |
| Compressive Strength (MPa) | ≥ 2800 |
| Impact Toughness (J) | 15 - 25 |
| Wear Resistance Index | 8.5/10 |
| Hardenability (mm) | 25 - 40 |
| Fatigue Strength (MPa) | ≥ 450 |
🔬 Physical Properties
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Density (g/cm3) | 7.80 |
| Melting Point (°C) | 1480 - 1520 |
| Thermal Conductivity (W/m·K) | 42.7 |
| Thermal Expansion (×10??/K) | 11.9 |
| Elastic Modulus (GPa) | 210 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.27 - 0.30 |
📏 Product Specifications
| Specification | Details |
|---|---|
| Available Forms | Round Bars, Flat Bars, Tool Blanks, Precision Ground Stock |
| Diameter Range | 3 - 300mm |
| Thickness Range | 5 - 150mm |
| Length Range | 100 - 6000mm |
| Standards Compliance | ASTM A681, AISI S1, DIN 1.2550 |
| Heat Treatment Condition | Annealed, Hardened & Tempered, or As-Forged |
| Surface Finish | Hot Rolled, Cold Drawn, Precision Ground |
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Our Advantages in Processing S1 Tool Steel
Precision Vacuum Melting Technology
MetalZenith utilizes advanced vacuum induction melting followed by controlled forging to achieve superior chemical homogeneity and refined grain structure. Our precision manufacturing process ensures consistent carbide distribution and eliminates inclusions, resulting in enhanced tool life and cutting performance.
Comprehensive Tool Steel Testing
Our specialized testing protocols include detailed Rockwell hardness distribution mapping, residual austenite content analysis using X-ray diffraction, carbide distribution evaluation through metallographic examination, and comprehensive fatigue strength testing to ensure optimal tool performance and reliability.
Custom Heat Treatment Solutions
MetalZenith offers tailored heat treatment services including precise hardening, tempering, and stress relief processes. Our metallurgical experts provide application-specific heat treatment recommendations and technical support to optimize tool performance for your specific cutting and forming requirements.
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